Qualitative and Quantitative Differences - Research Methods

qualitative and quantitative research methods are different in how they gather and analyze information. Quantitative research deals with numbers and statistics to find patterns and relationships, using surveys or experiments. It aims for general conclusions.

On the other hand, qualitative research focuses on understanding experiences and meanings through things like interviews and observations. It aims for in-depth understanding rather than broad generalizations. Both methods have their strengths and can be used together to get a fuller picture of a topic.

Sumber: Freepik

1. Goal
Quantitative
- Testing the theory
- Making predictions
- Provide an overview of the statistics to show the relationship between variables
- Showing the facts

Qualitative
- Develop concept
- Develop an understanding
- Develop a theory and in field conditions
- Describe the statement Complex

2. Sample
Quantitative
- Many and wide
- Representative
- Control of external variables against each
- Determined by random
- Consider the validity and reliability

Quantitative
- Slightly
- Non-representative
- Specified on the theory
- Purposive

3. Data
Quantitative
- The form number
- Coding
- Counts or number Measuring
- Variables are operationalized

Qualitative
- Shape description
- Personal papers
- Note on field observations
- The photo or image
- Statement from the local community

4. Data Collection Technique
Quantitative
- Experiments or quasi experiments
- Survey
- Unit or aggregate data

Qualitative
- Participatory Observation
- Open Interviews
- Review diversity of documents and artifacts

5. Instruments
Quantitative
- Inventory
- Scale or Score
- Questionnaire
- Computers for data processing

Qualitative
- The recording tape
- Human intsrumen
- Transcript to process data

6. Data Analysis
Quantitative
- Do finished collecting data
- Deductive
- Calculation staistik

Qualitative
- Held on an ongoing basis
- Inductive
- The method of constant comparison

7. Proposal Writing
Quantitative
- It is planned in detail with standard procedures
- It can not be changed throughout the study
- The hypothesis is determined from the beginning based on the theory
- The operational definition should be established as a guide measurement, indicator, limit the subject

Qualitative
- More concise and flexible design
- Can be developed along the current research
- The hypothesis could be there or not as long as proven by the research and dig deeper data
- Definition of unnecessary operations because it does not measure variables
- Background and problems are used to restrict research based on focus